Understanding Hyoscyamus niger

Dr. Claudio C. Araujo M.D., F.F.Hom. (Lon.) et al.

Which are Hyoscyamus first impressions of reality? What had been perceived through his senses?

He can’t trust anyone. He can’t trust his friends, his parents, his wife or her husband.

His suspiciousness is at first focused on one subject: poisoning. This is what has been  giving to him - poison.

His friends are no longer his friends, after the intoxication. But in a true Hyosc. patient, he probably never felt that he had any friends. He can’t rely on their friendship, he never had it.

Could we, in some way, extend his suspiciousness of being poisoned to other aspects of his life? Can he be suspicious of any information given, about the love of a woman or a man, can he trust his parents on love that has been giving to him? Probably not, he is about to be sold. He is about to be betrayed.

Fears: being left alone; poison or being bitten; being poisoned or sold; being betrayed, or injured; wishes to run away. 

Complains of having been poisoned. 

Reproaches others, complains of supposed injury done him. 

(…) watching his relations suspiciously and imagining he might be poisoned; talking to himself. θ Insanity.

*He reproaches others, and complains of a supposed injury done him, [1]. 

He imagines all sorts of things concerning people, concerning himself, and he gets suspicious. Suspicion runs through acute sickness; it runs through the mania in insanity. Suspicion that his wife is going to poison him; that his wife is untrue to him. 

Imagines, that he is pursued, that the people have all turned against him, that his friends are no longer his friends.

We can now reflect on the proving: All those symptoms are expressing the pain someone is feeling after Hyosc., that means that the prover was not himself an Hyosc. patient.

We may ask ourselves: how a Hyosc. born patient investigates and receives inside oneself the reality around? And, as a protective reaction, in which disguise he will build his personality?

Loquacious and quarrelsome mania especially inclined to unseemly and immodest acts, gestures and expressions.

Great mental vivacity, such as he had not exhibited for years, with perpetual talking during twenty-four hours, night and day. During the whole of the night he engaged the nurse's attention and interest by recounting the adventures of a friend in the Peninsular campaign. Throughout the next day he was intent upon taking a journey, but if any incident in his past life were suggested, he entered minutely into every particular, talking incessantly, with unwonted rapidity and emphasis. He used the simplest and most descriptive language, and he was quite independent of conversation, for it was necessary, in order to avoid any increase of excitement, to treat him with silence. (…)

In speaking, used very fine language, so that the usually quiet and indolent peasant was scarcely recognized, [75]. 

[Laughable, solemn actions mingled in the raving, in an improper dress], [21b]. [In a priest's gown over his shirt and in fur stockings he wishes to go to church, in order to preach and says mass, and furiously attacks those who endeavor to prevent him. -Hahnemann. See note to S. 68. -Hughes.] 

It seems, throughout the symptoms, that the Hyosc. patient shows himself to society in a very self important way. He wants to be considered as a man of respect, a kind of a posh attitude, in his behavior and speech. We will probably fight in his life to achieve some social position and intellectual education, wants to be regarded as a well-mannered person.

But his painful way of understanding and perceive of reality will keep on creating its imagery:

Suspicious of everybody.

"Refuses to take medicine because it is poisoned."

Does not know whether or not to take what is offered. 

A gentle, lovable woman became extremely jealous of her husband, and although fully realizing that she did him injustice, she was so filled with grief that she found no rest, day nor night, and could neither eat nor drink. 


Serious illness from jealousy and grief about a faithless lover; fever < after midnight; high redness of face, with constant delirium and desire to run away; continual throbbing toothache. 

“A faithless lover” will only confirms what she already suspects: she should not trust no one; she must keep it in her mind, she gets sick when it happens. So, let’s avoid any other chance of this situation to happens again.

Excessive animation, restless hurry. 

Silly, smiling, laughs at everything, silly expression. 

Foolish laughter.

Laughed and said he was exceedingly well, [75]. 

She began to laugh, dance, run around the room and grasp at things, which usually she never touched; she stared at the bystanders, heard nothing, and answered no questions; several men were unable to make her drink or lie down; with pale face, rapid pulse, free respiration dilated pupils, and great injection of the capillaries of the eye; this madness lasted till the next day, with complete sleeplessness; the vertigo, stupefaction, and incoherent ideas lasted for several days, [63].

Frequent breaking out into a loud laugh, [66]. 

Should we consider this merry personality to be present since the beginning? That it could be attached to her character, beside her intellectual and social longings since childhood? This powerful combination of full suspicion and excessive animation will soon attract a lot of existential suffering to a Hyoscyamus patient.

Couldn’t help comparing this remedy to the character of Violetta Valéry, a courtesan, present in the opera La traviata, from the composer Giuseppe Verdi, adapted from the Lady of the Camellias, someone who - early in her life - was destroyed by suspicion and disbelief in love, and finally succumbs after a deep love disappointment. Hyosc. got this neurological state of stupefaction from the influence of the smell of flowers…

Groups in Hyosciamus niger

Symptoms from Hahnemann, Allen, Hering & Kent

Dr. Claudio C. Araujo M.D., F.F. Hom. (Lon.)

 

With the Environment

Thinks he is in the wrong place. 

Dread of drinks; of water. 

Trembling all over, looking very wild, and constantly pointing to serpents which she saw creeping up towards her, and fancied they were in bed approaching her ; had to be held to be kept quiet ; metrorrhagia. θ Delirium tremens. 

Great restlessness, piercing, staring look ; jerking motion of head with rapid glances here and there ; face pale ; pulse slow and soft ; attempts to escape from room ; frightful hallucinations of figures coming to seize him, hens bound with chains, numbers of large crabs being driven into room ; general epileptic convulsions. θ Insanity. 

Considers the stove a tree and wants to climb it. 

Thought he was in his own home, and desired to go out and make visits, [5].

Momentary listening to imaginary sounds, and eager clutching at visionary phantoms, [59]. 

[He prattles and gets ready for a journey], [20]. (Case 7). 

Remarkable fear that he had been devoured by animals, [11]. [Original revised by Hughes.] 

Dread of drinks, [14].

 Dread of water, [6]. [90.]

On being aroused, he muttered and became irritable; on attempting to make him drink, he resented it violently, and soon fell into a state of hallucination, in which his countenance assumed a menacing aspect, and he called on various absent persons by name, with whom he imagined himself to be in debate, [89].

Sometimes, he will imagine the things are worms, are vermin, rats, cats, mice, and he is leading them like children lead around their toy wagons - just like a child. The mind is working in this; no two alike; perhaps you may never see these identical things described, but you will see something like it that the mind is reveling, in strange and ridiculous things.

One patient had a string of bedbugs going up a wall, and he had, them tied with a string, and was irritated because he could not make the last one keep up. Hyoscyamus did him a great deal of good. You do not find that expression in the text, but I will speak of it as analogous to the things that belong to the text. He is in alternate states. One minute he raves, and another he scolds in delirium, in excitement; the next he is in a stupor.

In the evening, shortly after falling asleep, he had very anxious dreams of furious cats springing at him (after forty-six hours), [5]. 

Talks of war in his sleep, [1b]. 

Humor

Quiet, reflective mood; no complaints; no wants. 

Answers no questions; cannot bear to be talked to. 

Quarrelsomeness; indomitable rage.          

Impatience, precipitate liveliness, talkativeness, tells everything. 

Talks more than usual, and more animatedly and hurriedly.

Constant unintelligible chattering. 

Loves smutty talk. 

Frequently breaks out into a loud laugh.

Scolds; raves; abuses those about him. 

Cries and laughs alternately, gesticulations lively. 

Whines, but knows not why. 

Silly, smiling, laughs at everything, silly expression. 

Foolish laughter. 

Talks in an absurd way. 

Does foolish things, behaves like one mad. 

Comical alienation of mind; ludicrous actions like monkeys; makes ridiculous gestures like a dancing clown ; like one intoxicated. 

Excessive animation, restless hurry. 

Insulting, shouting, brawling, ungovernable rage, with exhibition of unusual strength.

Loquacious and quarrelsome mania, especially inclined to unseemly and immodest acts, gestures and expressions. 

Morose dejection, despair. 

After a fit of passion, melancholia, gradually developing into true madness ; appetite gone ; nights restless ; continual delirium attended with timorousness ; loss of strength ; complains of frequent shudderings and rigors in spine going up into head during lucid intervals ; hard, constipated stool. 

He dances, [14]. 

Danced, ran about the room and attempted to take hold of different objects without being able to grasp them; she stared vacantly about her, and did not hear or reply to any questions; it required several men to hold her in bed (in the one who had eaten the least), [93]. 

Laughed and said he was exceedingly well, [75]. 

Joined the women in laughter, [86]. 

She began to laugh, dance, run around the room and grasp at things, which usually she never touched; she stared at the bystanders, heard nothing, and answered no questions; several men were unable to make her drink or lie down; with pale face, rapid pulse, free respiration dilated pupils, and great injection of the capillaries of the eye; this madness lasted till the next day, with complete sleeplessness; the vertigo, stupefaction, and incoherent ideas lasted for several days, [63].

Frequent breaking out into a loud laugh, [66]. 

Almost uninterrupted loud laughter, previous to the appearance of menstruation], [20]. (Case 39). 

They laughed aloud because all persons seemed ridiculous; this lively mood continued for half an hour, with violent gesticulations, and was followed by quiet delirium; the old woman talked of the future, swayed the body back and forth, groped in the air as after objects, picked at the bed, and either did not answer at all or in a disconnected manner, [94]. 

Foolish laughter, [36]. [Original revised by Hughes.] 

Forced laughing, with confused ideas, [68]. 

She sang constantly and talked hastily, but indistinctly; was very violent, and beat about her if she was spoken to strongly or taken hold of, [79]. 

Very merry mood, completely delirious; singing and imitating with her hands the occupation of spinning, [70]. 

He talks more than usual, and more animatedly and hurriedly, [4]. [60.]

Great mental vivacity, such as he had not exhibited for years, with perpetual talking during twenty-four hours, night and day. During the whole of the night he engaged the nurse's attention and interest by recounting the adventures of a friend in the Peninsular campaign. Throughout the next day he was intent upon taking a journey, but if any incident in his past life were suggested, he entered minutely into every particular, talking incessantly, with unwonted rapidity and emphasis. He used the simplest and most descriptive language, and he was quite independent of conversation, for it was necessary, in order to avoid any increase of excitement, to treat him with silence. Once a subject was named, no matter whether the attendant circumstances occurred the previous day or fifty years ago, it immediately engaged his attention until some incidental remark or an allusion suggested other ideas. If a subject with which he was not wholly familiar happened to be mentioned, but then became confused, incoherent, and a little irritable and impatient. The connecting links in a particular train of thought were weakened and occasionally broken by illusions and delusions. The sight of a white napkin suggested through milk, his former breakfasts in India; the milking of the cow at the door of the house; the appearance of the frothed milk in the silver basin; the tea freshly imported from China. His white handkerchief lying crumpled on the dark sofa-cover recalled the ivory nut, and he entered into a minute and faithful description, not only of this plant, its habits and fruit, but the characters of several other tropical vegetables. Then he wandered into the country, and suddenly pulling up a leg, exclaimed, "Take care; give me your hand; that is a very deep step." The next minute he introduced himself, with a loud voice, in a friend's house at Torquay, and, while engaged in imaginary conversation, suddenly raised the eyelids, and looking across the empty space in the direction of the bare wall said, with much emphasis, "That's a fine dahlia!" A few minutes afterwards he was engaged in Bristol. Several times he directed the carriage to be sent for, and supposing that it was at the door, made attempts to rise from his couch, [58]. 

He talks about incoherent things, [42]. [Original revised by Hughes.] 

While awake he talks irrationally, as if a man was present (who was not), [1]. 

He talks in an absurd way, [24]. 

[They almost all prattle about those things which wise men would have kept to themselves], [21b]. ["From a clyster of Hyoscyamus, with turpentine and carminatives." -Hughes.] 

Chattering incessantly, and without any meaning in their words; they began to leap and dance as in chorea, and all the time they seemed not to know any of their family (after eight hours), [72]. [70.]

Constant unintelligible chattering, [80]. 

He mutters and prattles to himself, [30].

 She mutters absurd things to himself, [48].

In speaking, used very fine language, so that the usually quiet and indolent peasant was scarcely recognized, [75]. 

[Alternations of quiet and rage], [20]. (Case 19). 

[Extremely lively and merry (first day); morose, and extremely inclined to quarrel], (second day), [3]. 

Patients who have taken it, and not in large quantities, have been known, upon the slightest provocation, to fly into most violent passions, and to become perfectly, but fortunately momentarily, mad with rage, [82]. 

Quarrelsomeness, [1]. 

With Himself

Lies naked in bed and prattles. 

After fit of passion and sudden fear, became so melancholy and timorous as to hide himself in every corner, and even to dread and run away from flies ; speechless, could not get a word out of him ; no appetite ; sleepless ; loss of strength ; seemed as one out of his senses. 

Frequent looking at hands because they seem too large. 

Syphilophobia.

(He reproaches himself, and has conscientious scruples), [1]. 

(He considers himself a criminal), [1]. 

[In despair, he wishes to drown himself], [20]. (Case 37). 

Extreme fearfulness, [1]. 

Chronic fear, [11]. 

Excessive fear of death, becoming a monomania, and only disappearing after six months, leaving behind great nervous irritation, [62]. 

With the others

Sees persons who are not and have not been present. 

Does not know whether or not to take what is offered. 

Anxious apprehension ; chronic fearfulness. 

Fears : being left alone ; poison, or being bitten ; being poisoned or sold ; being betrayed, or injured ; wishes to run away. 

Complains of having been poisoned. 

Horrid anguish, fits of anxiety. 

Very suspicious. 

Reproaches others, complains of supposed injury done him. 

While awake talks irrationally, as if a man were present. 

Tendency to action ; wants to kill somebody or himself. 

Is violent, and beats people. 

Bite, scratch and nip everyone interfering with them. 

Tries to injure those around him ; convulsions after trying to swallow. 

Working and clutching of hands, strikes his attendants  movements very quick, with difficulty held upon lap ; wants to fight, attempts to bite ; at intervals would sing and at times burst out laughing ; when anything is offered him clinches hold of it with both hands greedily. 

Delirium (…) from jealousy or vexation (…)


Delirium tremens : with clonic spasms ; averse to light and company ; visions, as if persecuted preceded by an epileptic attack ; constant talking at night ; seeks to escape from men by whom he imagines himself surrounded and who are trying to capture him ; does not recognize his wife who is standing by his side, but imagines he sees her under a distant bed. 

Insanity brought on by drinking ; will neither eat nor drink ; face flushed, expression wild ; tears clothes ; wanders up and down room during night ; strikes at keepers, and can scarcely be restrained. 

Epileptiform fit precedes the attack; continuous talking at night ; wants to run away for fear of being persecuted by police ; tremor of limbs. θ Delirium tremens.

Jealousy: with rage and delirium ; with attempt to murder. 

Serious illness from jealousy and grief about a faithless lover ; fever < after midnight ; high redness of face, with constant delirium and desire to run away ; continual throbbing toothache. 

Violent and threatening nervous symptoms, even spasms ; hectic fever ; sleepless nights ; mind nearly deranged ; disturbed by unfounded jealousy. 

A gentle, lovable woman became extremely jealous of her husband, and although fully realizing that she did him injustice, she was so filled with grief that she found no rest day nor night, and could neither eat nor drink. 

Disappointed love followed by : epilepsy ; melancholy ; rage or inclination to laugh at everything ; despair and propensity to drown himself. 

Groundless suspicion of being watched by members of family with whom he had some slight misunderstanding ; to avoid being recognized by them, clothed himself differently every day, and seldom left his house ; this monomania gradually developed into insanity ; recognized his physician but at once went off again into delusions ; uncovered and exposed himself ; continually counting, at one time in French, at another in English, and at another in both ; continually fixing himself to correspond with the points of the compass and looking through his fingers ; tracing the pattern of carpet with his feet and twisting his legs till he nearly fell down ; grasping at imaginary objects ; watching his relations suspiciously and imagining he might be poisoned ; talking to himself. θ Insanity. 

After being harshly accused of theft, continual delirium ; fancies herself surrounded by objects of a terrifying nature ; not a moment quiet, continual calling out that she saw the devil ; denies herself guilty of theft, or that she has any concern with witches ; tremor all over body ; struggles with such violence to escape, that she must be tied to bed ; pulse and respiration shift according to the various phantoms which offer themselves to her imagination ; tongue extremely moist ; eyes stern, grim, wrathful ; involuntary stool and urine in bed. 

Restless, talking delirium, yet when spoken to answering rationally; imagining that her deceased sister was sitting by her bedside, and talking to this imaginary person ; pulse 80, full ; head ached, but not hot ; hearing decreased ; loquacious. θ Hallucinations.

Face earthy pale; wild, strange expression; constant talking, particularly on religious subjects ; believes himself poisoned, or that there is a stinking odor from his mouth ; occasionally scolds and cries, and declares that he hears loud noises. θ Insanity.

Could not bear the light, nor to be spoken to; repelled with rage and seeming disgust his mother, of whom, in his natural state, he was dotingly fond, did not know her, said she was not his mamma; talked wildly and could with difficulty be kept covered. θ Maniacal fury. 

Face red and hot; wild expression of eye ; respiration quick and impeded ; constant scolding and cursing ; tears her clothes ; walks about room at night ; strikes viciously at those about her and can scarcely be restrained ; will neither eat nor drink. θ Mania.

Looks at men as hogs.

Does not know her relatives.

He became excited, and incoherent in his speech, wandered purposelessly about the house, muttering and touching things, as though suspicious of those about him (three hours); he became delirious, was policemen coming into the house; hear them speaking about him in the hall; his hands were constantly in motion, seemingly trying to rub his face or brush something away; was very irritable; he did not attempt to answer any questions, but occasionally muttered a few disjointed words (about five hours after first dose), [92]. 

Madness, as if possessed by a devil, [31].

he people in the room seemed to assume grotesque appearances; this condition lasted half an hour, and was succeeded by noisy and then by quiet delirium; several hours later she was sitting in the corner of the room, muttering to herself, and rocking her body to and fro; now catching at the air, or at some imaginary appearance, then pulling the bed-clothes about, and answering either not at all or incorrectly, [36]. [30.] In his confused fancy he thinks men are swine, [37].

[Laughable, solemn actions mingled in the raving, in an improper dress], [21b]. [In a priest's gown over his shirt and in fur stockings he wishes to go to church, in order to preach and says mass, and furiously attacks those who endeavor to prevent him. -Hahnemann. See note to S. 68. -Hughes.] 

While awake he talks irrationally, as if a man was present (who was not), [1]. 

[He prattles and makes preparations for his wedding], [20]. (Case 7). 

[He complained that he had been poisoned], [24]. ["Merely a statement of the truth." -Hughes.] 

He reproaches others, and complains of a supposed injury done him, [1].

Quarrelsome, [21]. 

Quarrelsome and insulting, [27]. 

Insulting, quarrelsome, disputing, [21c]. 

Part of a leaf of henbane will urge a man on to violence and to passion, [82]. [100.]

Under its influence the mildest and gentlest beings become highly irascible, and subject to uncontrollable fits of anger, [82]. 

Rage; he quarrels with others, and tries to injure them, [1]. 

[He passes the day and night in violent rage, naked, sleepless, and screaming], [20].

Extreme rage; he attacks people with knives, [30]. 

Indomitable rage, [14]. 

Patients who have taken it, and not in large quantities, have been known, upon the slightest provocation, to fly into most violent passions, and to become perfectly, but fortunately momentarily, mad with rage, [82]. 

He lays violent hands upon others, [21c]. 

He is violent, and beats people, [21c].

Strikes and tries to kill the bystanders, [37]. 

They bit, scratched, and nipped every one who interfered with them (after eight hours), [72]. [110.]

He imagines all sorts of things concerning people, concerning himself, and he gets suspicious. Suspicion runs through acute sickness; it runs through the mania in insanity. Suspicion that his wife is going to poison him; that his wife is untrue to him. Suspicious of everybody.

"Refuses to take medicine because it is poisoned."

"Imagines, that he is pursued, that the people have all turned against him, that his friends are no longer his friends.

He carries on conversations with imaginary people."

Talks as if he were talking to himself, but he really imagines that some one is sitting by his side, to whom he is talking.

Sometimes he talks to dead folks; recalls past events with those that have departed. Calls up, a dead sister, or wife, or husband, and, enters into conversation just as- if the per son were present.

Work                                                        

Delirium  talks of business of imaginary wrongs. 

Insane passion for work. 

Delirium : with physical restlessness ; would not stay in bed ; moves from one place to another ; complete ; lively ; wild ; busy, with constant muttering or talking, and meddling with hands ; about usual employments ; wants to get up and attend to business or go home ; without apparent heat ; face pale, limbs cold, though temperature is high ; with jerking of limbs, and diarrhœa, red face, wild, staring look, and throbbing of carotids ; comes back to consciousness when spoken to ; continued while awake ; from jealousy or vexation ; murmurings ; incoherent talk ; from pain.

Stupor, loss of consciousness, delirium, patient talking of his domestic affairs.

Disinclination to mental work, [55]. 

Disinclination to think and work, [59]. 

Disinclination to study, the whole afternoon (second day), [56]. 

Aversion to reading, [55]. 

Sexuality

Sings amorous and obscene songs. 

Erotic mania accompanied by jealousy. 

Amativeness; nymphomania ; erotomania. 

Onanism since childhood ; has always been greatly attracted by opposite sex and prematurely busied himself with thoughts of marriage ; for last half year has been very ill humored and irritable ; memory impaired ; reserved ; secretly wrote his love affairs ; speech incoherent ; restlessness and sleeplessness ; attacks of mania with profuse sweating, hasty and vehement talking, one idea rapidly following another, all in some way concerning love ; masturbates at every opportunity, and is full of obscene talk ; constant walking about ; strikes at and destroys everything ; spits in face of attendant and raves ; face pale and sunken ; eyes wild, piercing, shining ; severe pain in nape of neck and small of back. 

Nakedness

Desires to be naked (hyperesthesia of cutaneous nerves). 

Lascivious mania, uncovers body, especially sexual parts ; sings amorous songs. 

Goes about nearly naked ; will not be covered. 

Constantly throwing off bedcovers or clothes ; entire loss of modesty. 

He lies in bed nude and chatters ; walks about insane, naked, wrapped in a skin during summer heat. 


Refused to rise from bed and dress herself ; assigned no reason ; after a few hours insisted on rising, but would not wear a single garment of any kind ; received her physician without any apparent consciousness of her singular condition, conversed intelligently, but would not admit that she needed any advice to clothe herself ; refused medicine, and cunningly evaded all stratagems to give it ; escaped from room, went through house, and sought to escape into street. θ Mania. 

Puerperal mania, with desire to be uncovered and nude. 

He roves about senseless, naked, wrapped in fur during the heat of summer, [21a].

He lies naked in bed and prattles, [20]. (Case 7). 

Male Sexuality

Sexual desire excessive ; lascivious, exposes his person. 

Impotence.

Excitement of the genitals, erections without excited fancies (after half an hour), [2].

Frequent and constant erections, after a meal (after five hours), [2].

Tearing-drawing pains in the testicles, [59]. 

Impotence in a man, lasting two months, [35]. 

Perfect impotence, [76]. 

Desire for coition, [1]. 

Great sexual desire during the day, [55]. 

Unusually great sexual desire, preceded by long-continued indifference, [55].

Lascivious dreams, the first two nights, without emissions, though with excitement of the genitals, [3]. 

Female sexuality

Lascivious, uncovers sexual parts. 

Lascivious furor without modesty. 

Excited sexual desire without excitement of fancy.

Pregnancy, Lactation

Mania during lactation; extreme irritability; raving; when thwarted in anything scolds and strikes indiscriminately at persons; talkative, irrational speech; crying, alternating with a merry humor; anxiety with trembling in limbs; very profuse secretion of milk. 

Total suppression of milk or lochia. 

Childhood

Child makes violent exertions to get out of bed, tries to bite, and raves.                                                                                                                                                    

At times the child became suddenly excited and could scarcely be quieted; with a wild look, [66].

At times the child made violent exertions to get out of bed, tried to bite, and raged, after which she began to weep aloud; while lying she turned the head right and left, at times raised it up, and snapped as if she would take hold of something, [66]. 

The child passed whole nights in frightful screams and tossing about, [71].

The child answered in an unintelligible manner, [66]. 

The child did not recognize his parents or sister; did not see or hear, [71].

Children at breast have singultus.

Intellectual

Inability to think; cannot direct or control thoughts.

Loss of memory. 

Makes irrelevant answers. 

While reading, interpolates improper words and sentences.                                                                            

Inability to fix the attention on any subject, which lasted two days; every attempt to overcome this was followed by confusion and headache, [60]. 

Was unable to collect his thoughts while reading, [56]. [

Incoherent thoughts, with extreme excitement, [62]. 

Disconnected words, [46]. 

While reading, he interpolates improper words and sentences, [48].

At times the ideas stand still (second day), [4]. 

Inability to think (second day), [53]. 

The head is very much affected, like a loss of ideas; he is averse to everything and sleeps several hours in the afternoon (without dreams), frequently half awake (after nine hours), [5]. 

Inclined to forget himself in his thoughtless gazing at objects (after half an hour), [2]. 

[He does not answer], [20]. (Case 8). 

 Confusion, dullness of sense, [17]. 

Confusion of the sense, weakness of sight, and some difficulty in speaking; a by no means disagreeable state, like slight intoxication (seven hours after 1 3/4 grains), [59]. Was obliged to cease reading on account of distraction of mind and sleepiness (though he has slept well through the night) at 6 A.M. (after one hour), [56].

She was incapable of comprehending what was said to her, [70]. 

Stupidity, [46]. 

Far more stupid, and sunk in constant sleep, [20]. [Original revised by Hughes.] 

Mind extremely shattered, [16]. 

Idiotic, senseless, [30]. 

Amentia, [22], [42], [44], [48]. 

Remembrance of long-past events, [1]. [Curative action? -Hahnemann.] 

He remembers persons and occurrences which he does not try to recollect (after half an hour), [2]. [140.]

Weakness of memory, [1]. 

Loss of memory, [28]. 

Loss of memory; he remembers what he has t

hought and done in the last few days only as in a dream (after twenty-four hours), [5]. Complete loss of memory, [1].

He forgets everything which he has previously heard, [47]. [Not found. -Hughes.]

Inability to remember, even for a minute, a single sentence or word she may read (after some days), [90]. 

[He is deprived of his senses, and does not know what he is doing], [20]. (Case 23).

Neurological     

Stupor, unconsciousness; does not reply to questions ; does not recognize any one ; answers properly, but immediately stupor returns. 

Stupefaction: depressing mental influences ; hypochondriacal ; from smell of flowers, gas, etheric oils, etc. 

Imbecility, or illusions of imagination and senses. 

Raises head from pillow and gazes about. 

Picking at bedclothes; mutters and prattles. 

Mutters absurd things to himself. 

Makes abrupt, short answers to imaginary questions. 

Cries out suddenly. 

Plays with his fingers (not picking bedclothes). 

Catches at air, or at some imaginary appearance, and pulls bedclothes about. Carphologia and muttering. 

Sings constantly and talks hastily, but indistinctly. 

Raving, scolding, singing; chatters day and night ; will not eat, drink or sleep ; seeks to escape ; breaks the window ; use of straight-jacket necessary. θ Mania. 

Unconscious, [68]. 

Want of consciousness on waking, [55]. 

Loss of consciousness, [79]. 

[He lies without consciousness, and sluggish], [20]. (Case 10). 

Complete loss of consciousness, [11], [26], [80]. 

Apparent insensibility, though at short intervals apparent consciousness, when she spoke much, and very hastily but very disconnectedly, [67].

Stupor manifested by words and actions, [27]. 

Stupor as if drunk, [42]. [Corrected by Hughes.] 

Stupefaction, [60], [62], [74]. [160.]

Complete stupefaction, [47]. 

When left to himself he relapsed into a lethargic state, [89].

Sopor, [68]. 

Coma vigil, [1], [46].

Kent: 

The mental state is really the greatest part of Hyoscyamus. Talking, passive delirium, imaginations, illusions, hallucinations; talking, rousing up and talking with a delirious manifestation, and then stupor. These alternate through complaints. And during sleep talking, crying out in sleep; but, talking and mumbling and soliloquizing. Then, there are wakeful periods, in which there are delirium and illusions and hallucinations all mingled together.

Sometimes the patient is in a state of hallucination, and the next minute in a state of illusion. Which means that a part of the time what he sees as hallucinations he believes to be so; and then these hallucinations become delusions.

Again, the things he sees he knows are not so, and then they are illusions. But he is full of hallucinations. He sees all sorts of things, indescribable things in his hallucinations. He imagines all sorts of things concerning people, concerning himself, and he gets suspicious. Suspicion runs through acute sickness; it runs through the mania in insanity. Suspicion that his wife is going to poison him; that his wife is untrue to him. Suspicious of everybody.

"Refuses to take medicine because it is poisoned."

"Imagines, that he is pursued, that the people have all turned against him, that his friends are no longer his friends.

He carries on conversations with imaginary people."

Talks as if he were talking to himself, but he really imagines that some one is sitting by his side, to whom he is talking.

Sometimes he talks to dead folks; recalls past events with those that have departed. Calls up, a dead sister, or wife, or husband, and, enters into conversation just as- if the per son were present.

Hyoscyamus has another freak in this peculiar mental state. Perhaps, there may be a queer kind of paper on the wall, and he lies and looks at it, and if he can possibly turn the figures into rows he will keep busy at that day and night, and lie wants a light there so he can put them into rows, and he goes to sleep and dreams about it, and wakes up and goes at it again; it is the same idea.

Sometimes, he will imagine the things are worms, are vermin, rats, cats, mice, and he is leading them like children lead around their toy wagons - just like a child. The mind is working in this; no two alike; perhaps you may never see these identical things described, but you will see something like it that the mind is reveling, in strange and ridiculous things.

One patient had a string of bedbugs going up a wall, and he had, them tied with a string, and was irritated because he could not make the last one keep up. Hyoscyamus did him a great deal of good. You do not find that expression in the text, but I will speak of it as analogous to the things that belong to the text. He is in alternate states. One minute he raves, and another he scolds in delirium, in excitement; the next he is in a stupor.

Stupor: Finally, in a typhoid state, after he has progressed some time, he passes into quite a profound stupor. Early in the case he can be roused, and he answers questions correctly, and he seems to know what you have said to him; but the instant he finishes the last, answer he appears to be sound asleep.

Then you shake him and ask him another question, he answers that, and again he is sound asleep. The delirium that belongs to typhoid grows more and more profound, more and more passive, more and more muttering, until he passes into a complete unconsciousness front which he cannot be roused; in which he will lie for days sometimes, and weeks, becoming more and more emaciated; lying there in profound stupor unless this remedy is administered.

Lying there picking the bedclothes, and muttering. Even when he is in a stupor and realizes nothing apparently, that is going on, he makes passive motions, mutters, talks to himself, and once in a while utters a shrill scream. Picking his fingers, just as if he had something in his fingers when there is nothing there. He picks at the bedclothes the same way. Picking at his nightshirt, or picking anything he get his fingers on. Or, picking in the air, grasping as if he were grasping at flies.

This passive delirium goes on until he is in a profound stupor, and lies as one dead. In an insane state it sometimes takes on something of wildness, but not often. It is more passive, talking and prattling, sitting still in one corner and jabbering, or lying down, or going about.

"Undertaking to do the usual things, the usual duties."

That is, the housewife will want to get up and do the things she is used to doing in the house; the cooper will want to make barrels and the unusual things belonging to that business. Wants to carry on the usual occupation in his mind, talks about it, carries on the things of the day, and he keeps busy about it, so it is a busy insanity. Also, the delirium takes on the type of a busy delirium.

Now, to give you something of an idea as to the grading of this general type of insanity it should be compared with Stram. and Bell.You heard in the lecture on Bell. that it is violent, its fever most intense. There is much excitement. In Stram., when we reach that you will see that his delirium, his insanity, is expressed in terms of extreme violence.

These three run so close together that something can be brought out by associating them together. When considering Hyoscyamusin its mental state it is well to realize that it seldom has much fever in its insanity. It has a fever sometimes in the low form, but when Hyoscyamus is thought of in relation to a febrile state the intensity of the heat would be this order:

Bell., Stram., Hyoscyamus. Now, Bell. is very hot in its mental states. Stram., most violent and active, murderously violent, is moderately hot in its fever, as a rule. Hyoscyamus has a low fever, not very high, sometimes none at all, with its insanity. When one comes to take into consideration the violence of its delirium, or the maniacal actions, then it changes the order.

The order as to violence of conduct would be: Stram., Bell., Hyoscyamus. That brings you to see that even when associated with those medicines that look most like it, it is at the bottom of the list. It goes as a passive medicine, while the upper ones are more active. Hyoscyamus has a passive mania. Does not go into violence.

That is, the patient will sometimes become murderous, but it is more likely to be suicidal. Sometimes the patient will talk and prattle, sometimes sit and say nothing.

"Full of imaginations and hallucinations when asleep and when awake.

Religious turn of mind" with women who have been unusually pious; they take on the delusion that they have sinned away their day of grace. They have done some awful things.

"She imagines that she has murdered, that she has done some dreadful thing.

She cannot apply the promises that she reads in the Word of God to herself."

She will say:

"They do not mean me, they do not apply to me, they mean somebody else."

"Thinks he is in the wrong place.

Thinks he is not at home.

Sees persons who are not and who have not been present.

Fears being left alone.

Fears poison or being bitten."

These phases sometimes take on fear in the sense of fear, but it comes from that suspicion that was spoken of; he suspicions or fears these things will take place. He imagines these things are to take place, and hence he is suspicious of all his friends.

Another thing running through the remedy, in insanity and in the delirium of fevers, is a fear of water, fear of running water. Of course, hydrophobia, which is named because of that symptom being a striking feature, has fear of water, but some remedies also have that fear of water.

"Anxiety on hearing running water.

A fear of water."

That runs through Bell., Hyoscyamus, Canth., and, of course, the nosode Hydrophobinum. Stram. has the fear of water. Stram. has the fear of anything that might look like water, shining objects, fire looking-glass. Fear of things that have in any manner whatever the resemblance of fluids, and hence the sound of fluids. Hydrophobinum has cured

"involuntary urination on hearing running water.

Involuntary discharge from the bowels on hearing running water."

It has cured a chronic diarrhea when that symptom was present. Hyoscyamus "makes short, abrupt answers to imaginary questions."

Imagines that somebody has asked a question, and he answers it; hence, you will find a patient with typhoid fever answering questions that you have not asked. He imagines that persons are in the room and asking him questions. You hear nothing but his answers; he is in delirium or insane.

"Mutters absurd things to himself.

Cries out suddenly."

There is another form of his delirium, and there are two phases of this. He wants to go naked; wants to take the clothing off, and this must be analyzed. At first you might not understand that. Hyoscyamus has such sensitive nerves all over the body in the skin that he cannot bear the clothing to touch the skin, and he takes it off. That occurs in insanity and sometimes in delirium, and he has no idea that he is exposing his body. He appears to be perfectly shameless, but he has no thought of shamelessness, no thought that he is doing anything unusual, but he does it from the hyperesthesia of the skin.

There is another phase running through the insanity, which is salacity, and it is violent at times, so violent that nobody but the old doctor can form any conception of the awfulness of it, and the dreadfulness of its effects upon those in the room. With a woman, a wife or a daughter, this state of salacity is manifested in this way: she exposes her genitals to the view of everybody coming into the room. There are instances where in these violent attacks of salacity a woman has gathered her clothing up under her arms to expose her genitals to the doctor as he walked into the room.

"Violent sexual excitement and nymphomania.

Obscene things.

Speech illustrated by urine, faeces and cow dung," and all sorts of things come out in this state of insanity and delirium - and yet - this is only sickness.

"He is violent and beats people.

Strikes and bites.

Sings constantly and talks hastily.

Erotic mania, accompanied by jealousy.

Lascivious mania.

Sings amorous songs.

Lies in bed naked, or wrapped in a skin during summer heat."

Not because he is cold, but because of a fancy. Complaints involving any of these mental phases may come on in a young woman from disappointed affections, from coming to the conclusion that the young man in whom she has reposed her confidence has become wholly unworthy of her. It drives her insane, and she may take on any of these phases.